Joseph moewitz



(No Model.) v J. MORWITZ.

REGULATOR OF TEMPERATURE OF APARTMENTS. 309,728. A Patented Dec. 23, 1884.

Tag-2.

messes: 722 awn/Jar.-

NITED STATES JOSEPH MORVVITZ, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

-REGU LATOR OF TEMPERATURE OF APARTMENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 309,728, dated December 23, 1884.

Application filed February 6, 1884. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosEPH Monwrrz, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Regulators of Tempera- I ture of Apartments, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a regulator embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section thereof enlarged.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the two figures.

My invention consists of a thermostat for automatically regulating the temperature of an apartment by the changes of temperature therein, the construction and operation being hereinafter fully set forth.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a vessel, preferably of glass, and consisting of a longitudinally-extending tube, A, having at its ends upwardly-projecting limbs B B, which communicate with said tube.

0 represents a vertical tube, which pro jects into the limb B, and has itslower end above the level of the tube A, said tube 0 being tightly fitted to the top wall of the limb B. Mercury is introduced intothe limb B through a spout, a, attached thereto, or through the tube 0, so as to entirely fill the tube A and the limbs B B to a level just above the upper wall of said tube. A quantity of sulphuric ether is then poured into the limb B through the tube 0, the mercury in said limb acting as a seal to prevent the ether passing into the other limb,B. An additional quantity of mercury is then introduced into the limb B, so as to rise therein above the bottom of the tube 0, thus sealing said bottom and confining the ether in the limb B above the mercury therein, the upper end of the tube 0 being securely closed by a plug or stopper, 0, whereby as the lower end dips into the mercury the vapor is confined air-tight in the limb B. The vessel A is mounted on a bracket, D, suitably supported within an apartment, and has fastened to it a balancing-arm, E, one end whereof is attached by means of a pivoted connection, F, to a rod or bar, G, whose ends are secured to registers or dampers H H, the register H being that of the hotair inlet of the apartment,and the register H that of the outlet of the air or ventilator of the apartment. It will be seen that the balance or poise J of the arm E is set relatively to the desired temperature of the apartment. WVhen the temperatureincreases, the vapor of air and ether contained in the link B, warmed by the ncreased temperature, expands and exerts its pressure on the mercury on the limb B, and forces it therefrom and from the tube A into the limb B, whereby the latter limb becoming heavy overcomes the balance of the tube, and thus tilts the vessel and the connected arm E in such manner as to operate the rod Gr, whereby the register H is closed and the register H opened, thus controlling the admission of hot air into the apartment and permitting the escape of the existing air therefrom. As soon as the required temperature is restored the vapor in the limb B contracts or condenses, and the excess of mercury in the limb B is permitted to return to the limb B, thus balancing the vessel, whereby the rod G is operated to reopen the hot-air register and close the upper register or ventilator. Of course slight changes of temperature of the apartment may operate the registers H H to a partial extent, and thus an cquable temperature may be maintained.

It is evident that cold air may be admitted to the apartment through the register H, the fiuethereof communicating with a supply of fresh cold air, instead of a hot-air chamber or heater. In this case the vessel A may be balanced to operate the cold-air register and the upper register or ventilator relatively to the temperature desired in the apartment, and it is also evident that by proper connection of the rod G with the registers the latter may be simultaneously closed or opened, as desired, or the rod G may be connected with the door or doors and the damper of a furnace, so as to regulate the heat thereof.

I do not claim, broadly, a balanced vessel containing mercury for automatically operating a damper.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an automatic regulator for dampers, a balanced vessel consisting of a tube having limbs at both ends, with mercury in both the tube and limbs, one of the said limbs being provided with a tube placed within it, said interior of tube having the plane of its lower end below the level of the mercury contained in the inclosing-limb, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. 1

2. A vessel consisting of a tube with limbs at its ends, with mercury in both tube and limbs, a tube fitted in one of the limbs dipping into the mercury at its lower end and closed at top, said limb containing also expansible vapor above the column of mercury,

JOSEPH MORWITZ.

Vitnesses:

JOHN A. VVIEDERsHEIM, A. P. GRANT. 

